Corps et Psychisme. Recherches en Psychanalyse et Sciences Humaines
The journal Corps et Psychisme: Recherches en Psychanalyse et Sciences Humaines is a biannual, peer-reviewed journal. Each issue contains around scientific research articles, as well as book reviews, critiques of one or more artistic events, and articles on a topic other than the main theme. Open to interdisciplinarity, it publishes issues focusing on the body not only in psychosomatic terms but also in contemporary issues, politics, art, philosophy, and scientific discoveries. And it does so while maintaining a psychoanalytic framework open to new extensions. The journal Corps et Psychisme is historically part of the continuity of the journal Champ Psychosomatique (Champ Psy), itself the continuation of the Revue de médecine psychosomatique et de psychologie médicale created in 1958 by the psychiatrists Michel Sapir and Léon Chertok. Our journal has long belonged to the field of academic journals. The publications it offers have an academic format.
Federated Learning for Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning
Because of the rapid rise of data-driven applications, there are now significant concerns around the privacy of data, the security of data, and the compliance of machine learning systems with regulatory requirements. The traditional methods of centralized learning necessitate the accumulation of sensitive data on a central server, which raises the possibility of data leakage and misuse. Because it enables model training across distant devices without directly sharing raw data, federated learning has emerged as a potential paradigm for privacy-preserving machine learning. This is because it allows for the training of models more efficiently. federated learning is a framework for decentralized learning that enables several clients to train a shared model in a collaborative manner while maintaining the data's localization. The fundamental concepts of federated learning, which include the implementation of safe aggregation, communication-efficient training, and periodic updates to the local model. In order to emphasize the practical significance of this topic, applications in the fields of healthcare, banking, mobile devices, and Internet of Things environments are discussed. Federated learning strikes a good compromise between the effectiveness of models and the privacy of data, making it acceptable for use in domains that are sensitive and regulated. Despite this, there are still difficulties that require attention, such as communication overhead, heterogeneity of data, security concerns, and scalability of the system. In its conclusion, the study highlights potential future research areas that are centered on enhancing the robustness, efficiency, and privacy guarantees of federated learning systems.
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Economic Feasibility of Electric Public Transportation Systems in Developing Countries
The transition to electric public transportation systems has emerged as a strategic priority for many developing countries seeking to reduce urban air pollution, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and decrease dependence on imported fossil fuels. Electric buses, trams, and metro systems offer substantial environmental and long-term operational benefits. However, their adoption in resource-constrained economies raises critical questions regarding financial sustainability, infrastructure readiness, and institutional capacity. the economic feasibility of deploying electric public transportation systems in developing countries, with particular attention to capital investment requirements, lifecycle cost analysis, and funding mechanisms. Although electric fleets typically involve higher upfront procurement and infrastructure costs compared to diesel-based systems, lower fuel expenses, reduced maintenance requirements, and longer vehicle lifespans can improve total cost efficiency over time. The feasibility of such systems depends heavily on electricity pricing structures, grid reliability, battery replacement costs, and the availability of concessional financing or public-private partnerships.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Rafael M. Torres https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Body as Archive: Cultural Memory, Identity, and Psychisme
The concept of the body as archive challenges conventional notions of memory as a purely cognitive or textual phenomenon by foregrounding how the body itself stores, transmits, and performs cultural memory, contributing to both individual and collective identities. This review synthesizes interdisciplinary research from anthropology, cultural studies, psychology, performance studies, and embodied cognition to explore how bodily practices, gestures, postures, and performative acts function as repositories of cultural knowledge and identity. Drawing on theoretical frameworks of habitus, body memory, and cultural memory, we argue that the body not only reflects but archives embodied history—shaping social norms, identities, and affective attachments across generations. We discuss concepts such as embodied memory, the repertoire versus archive distinction, somatic transmission, and the role of performance and ritual in cultural continuity. The review also examines how bodies enact cultural resistance, negotiate power, and embody trauma and collective experiences. By reconceptualizing memory as lived through embodied experience, psychisme is reimagined as a dynamic interface between cultural inscription and bodily agency. This integrative perspective offers insights into identity formation, cultural resilience, and the politics of remembering and forgetting in diverse sociocultural contexts.
Homeopathy for Childhood and Adolescence Ailments: A Review of the Evidence
The use of homeopathy in treating childhood and adolescence ailments has been a topic of considerable interest and debate. the existing evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of homeopathic treatments for common pediatric conditions. We systematically searched databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, and meta-analyses that investigated homeopathic interventions in children and adolescents. The conditions examined include acute respiratory infections, otitis media, ADHD, and diarrhea. Our findings indicate that while some studies report positive outcomes, the overall quality of evidence is varied, with many trials having methodological limitations such as small sample sizes and lack of blinding. Despite these limitations, homeopathy is generally considered safe, with minimal reported adverse effects. The need for more rigorous, large-scale studies to better determine the role of homeopathy in pediatric care. Until such evidence is available, homeopathy should be considered a complementary approach, and decisions regarding its use should be made on a case-by-case basis, considering the individual needs and preferences of patients and their families.
Guardians of Health: Exploring the Role of the Immune System in Disease Resistance and Tolerance
"Guardians of Health" delves into the intricate role of the immune system as both protector and mediator in the battle against infectious agents and diseases. This paper explores the dynamic interplay between the immune system and pathogens, highlighting the mechanisms underlying disease resistance and tolerance. While traditionally viewed as a defense mechanism against pathogens, the immune system also plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and preventing excessive inflammation and tissue damage. Recent research has uncovered the complexity of immune responses, revealing a delicate balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways. Dysregulation of this balance can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and immunodeficiency syndromes. Understanding the factors that contribute to immune dysregulation is essential for developing targeted therapies and interventions to restore immune homeostasis and promote health., the concept of immune tolerance has gained recognition as a key mechanism for preventing autoimmune reactions and maintaining tissue integrity. Immune tolerance mechanisms, including central and peripheral tolerance, ensure that the immune system can distinguish between self and non-self, thereby preventing autoimmunity while preserving the ability to mount effective immune responses against pathogens. we explore the diverse strategies employed by the immune system to protect against pathogens while maintaining tissue tolerance. We discuss the roles of innate and adaptive immunity, as well as the contributions of immune cells, cytokines, and regulatory molecules in orchestrating immune responses. Additionally, we examine the impact of genetic, environmental, and microbial factors on immune function and disease susceptibility.By unraveling the complexities of immune regulation, we aim to gain deeper insights into the mechanisms underlying health and disease. Ultimately, this knowledge will inform the development of novel therapeutic approaches to enhance immune function, prevent immune-mediated diseases, and improve human health.
Nutritional Interventions for Improving Cognitive Function and Preventing Age-Related Decline: A Review
As the global population ages, cognitive decline has become a significant public health concern. Nutritional interventions are increasingly recognized as a potential strategy to enhance cognitive function and mitigate age-related cognitive decline. This review aims to synthesize current evidence on the role of nutrition in supporting cognitive health across the lifespan. Nutritional interventions play a critical role in supporting cognitive health and preventing age-related cognitive decline. Specific nutrients and dietary patterns, such as omega-3 fatty acids and the Mediterranean diet, offer promising benefits for cognitive function. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to confirm these effects and explore the underlying mechanisms. Integrating these nutritional strategies into public health recommendations could be beneficial for promoting cognitive health in aging populations.
Violence in Healthcare Institutions: A Sociological Approach to The Explanatory Factors and Forms of Practice
This article aims to study the phenomenon of violence in healthcare institutions from a sociological perspective, considering it a complex social phenomenon reflecting imbalances in organizational structure and professional relationships within the hospital setting. Violence here is not simply a matter of individual behavior, but rather a result of the interaction of a range of structural, social, and psychological factors that contribute to its production and perpetuation within healthcare institutions. The study reveals that violence is fueled by organizational factors such as work pressure, limited resources, ambiguous roles, and poor task distribution, in addition to social and psychological factors related to occupational stress, poor communication, and a lack of trust between staff and patients. Conversely, the violence is also attributed to the free provision of healthcare. Violence manifests itself in various forms, most notably verbal violence (insults, shouting), physical violence (assault or threats), and symbolic or administrative violence (exclusion, marginalization, or mistreatment within the institution).
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in Enhancing Rehabilitation Outcomes in Stroke Patients
Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a potentially useful tool in the field of rehabilitation. It provides an environment that is both immersive and interactive, which has the potential to increase patient engagement through increased motivation. to determine whether or whether virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation programs are beneficial in improving motor and cognitive outcomes among stroke patients. We did a comprehensive analysis of the current literature as well as clinical trials, with a particular emphasis on metrics such as motor function, balance, gait, and quality of life. The research concluded that virtual reality (VR) therapies considerably improve motor recovery and balance in comparison to traditional therapy. VR also encourages neuroplasticity and provides therapeutic sessions that may be customised to meet the specific requirements of each client. In spite of its many advantages, there are a number of obstacles that have been discovered, including patient compliance, accessibility, and cost. despite the fact that virtual reality-based rehabilitation shows a great deal of promise, additional large-scale trials are required in order to establish standardised protocols and determine whether or not it is effective over the long run. the importance of emerging technology in revolutionising post-stroke recovery and boosting patient outcomes.
The Adoption of Digital Banks as a Mechanism for the Modernization of Competition in the Algerian Banking Sector
In light of the tremendous digital revolution witnessed globally over the past decades, which has transformed patterns of life and contributed to facilitating numerous transactions and services via the Internet across all economic and social spheres, the banking sector has not been immune to its impact, Indeed, all sectors have increasingly come to rely entirely on advanced technologies to provide their services without the need for traditional branches, thereby accelerating transactions and enhancing the quality of services delivered. Accordingly, the changes and transformations witnessed in the modern banking environment have generated a new reality, one that can be regarded as a new business paradigm whose central characteristic is “competition.” this competition constitutes the principal challenge facing contemporary banks, representing a factor that is continuously evolving and shifting, consequently, banks are required to grow and develop in ways that enable them to transcend traditional boundaries. In this regard, reliance on digital technology emerges as one of the fundamental challenges for business organizations and banks alike, being considered a strategic option and an essential factor in achieving competitive advantage, this is due to the significant role it plays in enabling such institutions to improve their performance, maximize profitability, and strengthen their economic power within the banking market .
Developments in Photovoltaic Materials: Increasing Efficiency through Innovative Design
Photovoltaic (PV) technology plays a pivotal role in the transition towards sustainable energy systems by harnessing solar energy to generate electricity. This paper provides an in-depth exploration of recent developments in PV materials, focusing on innovative design strategies aimed at boosting efficiency and performance. Traditional silicon-based PV cells have dominated the market for decades, but emerging materials and novel device architectures offer the potential for substantial efficiency gains. The discussion covers a range of advanced PV materials, including thin-film semiconductors, perovskite solar cells, organic photovoltaics, and quantum dot solar cells. These materials exhibit unique optical, electronic, and structural properties that can be tailored to optimize light absorption, charge transport, and carrier collection efficiency. In addition to material innovations, novel device designs and engineering approaches are crucial for maximizing power conversion efficiency and minimizing production costs. Advanced concepts such as tandem solar cells, multi-junction architectures, and hybrid PV systems are explored for their potential to overcome efficiency limitations and enable high-performance solar energy conversion. Furthermore, the paper examines recent progress in manufacturing techniques, including roll-to-roll processing, printing methods, and solution-based deposition, which offer scalability, cost-effectiveness, and compatibility with flexible substrates. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation, researchers and engineers continue to push the boundaries of PV technology, driving progress towards a more sustainable and energy-efficient future.
The Algerian state’s health policy, the Corona pandemic as an example
After the transmission of the Corona virus from the Chinese city of Wuhan, the first case in Algeria, the country's higher authorities took responsibility for managing the Corona 19 pandemic; A special budget was allocated to manage this crisis and confront this virus, and a set of measures were taken and a number of decisions were issued coinciding with the changes in the epidemiological situation. Efforts were focused on getting out of this pandemic with the least damage and the fewest deaths, as it was decided to impose compulsory quarantine on travelers coming from abroad. Suspension of studies, a complete closure of the country, and quarantine and social distancing measures were imposed to control the spread of the virus. The Ministry of Health has played a key role in supervising the implementation and control of health policies in coordination with various other sectors, and a green number has been launched around the clock and an application for smart phones to enable people to access information and resources related to the Corona virus, and all material and human capabilities have been exploited to prevent the virus. or treat the injured. And with the increasing number of infections, the matter prompted more measures to be taken, represented in imposing partial and total quarantine in the states and cities that witness a daily increase in the number of infections, and commercial activities were suspended, the suspension of studies extended, and other decisions aimed at limiting the spread of the Corona virus and taking care of the injured.
Didactics and Pedagogy: Keys to Innovation in University Teaching
This article explores the relationship between pedagogy and didactics in the teaching/learning process. Pedagogy focuses on classroom management and learner engagement, while didactics focuses on the specific transmission of knowledge. In this regard, the main question is how to reconcile these two disciplines in order to optimize learning. To reinforce our study, we suggest that an integration of pedagogical and didactic approaches could enhance learners' motivation as well as their cognitive understanding. The objective of this research is to analyze this complementarity and to propose strategies allowing the improvement of both practices while ensuring learner success. This experimentation revealed a notable improvement in students’ level following the implementation of the pedagogical and didactic framework.
Sample Finance Journal Article: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Financial Risk Management in the Post-2025 Era
This article examines the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in financial risk management following the economic shifts of 2025. Drawing on a comprehensive review of literature and empirical analysis of major financial institutions, it explores how AI-driven models enhance predictive accuracy, automate compliance, and mitigate systemic risks. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including quantitative simulations and qualitative case studies from European and North American banks. Findings reveal that AI adoption correlates with a 25-35% reduction in operational losses, though challenges such as algorithmic bias and regulatory hurdles persist. Practical implications underscore the need for ethical frameworks and hybrid human-AI systems. This research contributes to the evolving discourse on fintech integration, offering actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners.
Adolescent Crisis and Familial Tension: From Patterns of Vertical Identification to Transformations of Horizontal Identification
This study explores adolescence as a vital developmental stage through its investigation of identity development which starts with vertical identification of family values and continues to horizontal identification of peer group and digital media cultural influences. The process of becoming an independent adult requires reaching this stage of psychosocial development yet it creates major problems for family relationships. The adolescent wants to find themselves while gaining emotional and behavioral independence yet the family members want to keep their family united through their traditional caregiving roles. The two people express their divergent viewpoints through their different beliefs about relationship rules and their opposing approaches to managing time and personal boundaries. Modern societies create cultural conflicts because they handle new cultural changes which stem from technological progress and worldwide growth which produces fresh distinctions between different age groups. The parental model loses its symbolic power as adolescents face multiple conflicting models which results in emotional turmoil for them. This paper reaches the conclusion that family adjustment needs to support transformation processes instead of attempting to stop them. The development of emotional intelligence requires three essential components which include steady parental examples of balanced discipline and affection and secure spaces for emotional sharing and autonomy and active listening to adolescent viewpoints and social changes. Young people develop their identity during the transition from adolescence to adulthood through uniting their familial bonds with their expanding curiosity about the world outside their home.
The Arabic Graphic Novel and the Death of the Author The Dialectic Between the Algerian Text and Western Theory
The graphic novel is considered a narrative form that has developed recently to provide a dynamic depiction of social, political, economic, and intellectual-cultural conditions, as it represents a space for experimentation and free expression. Here, comics appear as a discourse open to interpretation, often surpassing the author’s intent, embodying the reader’s participation in producing meaning. The hybrid nature of this discourse reshapes narrative relations, enabling the reader to produce significance. This reinforces Barthes’ idea of textual openness and the multiplicity of interpretive levels, surpassing the notion of a single meaning (the death of the author). Based on this, the focus of this paper revolves around the extent to which the theory of the “death of the author” can be applied to the Algerian graphic novel specifically, in Roland Barthes’ conception, to assess the ability of this discourse to produce meaning independent of the author’s intent and the degree to which this meaning is liberated from the author’s references and identity. The paper begins by identifying the most evident differences between the premises and foundations of the Arabic text and Western theory. Based on the divergence of references, it highlights the main difficulties encountered when applying Western theory to the Arabic text in general, such as: the methodological regulation of concepts (concept of text, concept of author, concept of language…), as well as other problems: (translation, consideration of context…). It then examines the principles of Barthes’ death-of-the-author theory and its relation to comics in general, before dedicating a section to its reception in Algerian criticism. This is done through presenting the nature and specificities of comics in Algeria and examining the extent to which this theory can be assimilated, clarifying both facilitating and opposing factors. Finally, the paper offers a brief analysis of practical examples (from the most famous Algerian comic novels) in two parts: one concerning the difficulty of applying the death-of-the-author theory, and the other concerning the possibility of applying it. It concludes that the death-of-the-author theory in the Algerian graphic novel is not theoretically rejected; however, it is simultaneously not literally applicable in practice due to the nature of the Algerian text, its cultural and social contexts, and the nature of the Algerian Arab reader.
Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy Projects: A Global Comparative Analysis
Clean energy technology implementation and sustainability depend on public support for renewable energy projects. Numerous social, cultural, and political variables can help or hurt the expansion of renewable energy infrastructure, regardless of the fact that it is good for the environment and the economy. an international comparison of public opinion on renewable energy projects, looking at what influences people to either favour or oppose such initiatives in various parts of the world. Case studies from both developed and developing countries are examined to shed light on the interplay between public opinion, local pushback, and the influence of policy and stakeholder involvement in determining societal acceptability. examines the effects of variables like environmental worries, economic possibilities, cultural values, and faith in the government on renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower. In order to resolve public concerns and increase community engagement in renewable energy projects, this study identifies important factors that generate social acceptance. The results highlight the need of considering local contexts, involving stakeholders early on in the planning process, and ensuring that the advantages of renewable energy projects are spread fairly in order to build social acceptance. In the end, getting people on board with renewable energy sources is both a struggle and an opportunity.
The Role of Code-Switching in French-Arabic Bilingual Communities in Algeria: A Sociolinguistic Study
This study investigates the phenomenon of code-switching in French-Arabic bilingual communities in Algeria. Code-switching, the alternation between two languages within a conversation or even a single sentence, reflects social, cultural, and psychological factors that influence language use. The research aims to analyze the contexts, functions, and motivations behind code-switching among Algerian bilingual speakers, examining how it serves as a marker of identity, social belonging, and pragmatic efficiency. Data are collected through recorded conversations, social media interactions, and semi-structured interviews. The study also explores the implications of code-switching for language teaching and policy in Algeria, highlighting the dynamic interaction between French and Arabic in shaping contemporary linguistic practices. Findings are expected to demonstrate the sociolinguistic significance of code-switching as a tool for negotiation of meaning and expression of individual and collective identities in bilingual settings.
Argumentation by Authority in the Noble Qur’an – A Study of Selected Texts
Through this article, we seek to uncover some types of argumentations in the Noble Qur’an and to affirm that its argumentative force appears in many of its texts, which indicates the strength of its impact. Our choice of texts related to the argument from authority for study and analysis is due to their density in the Qur’anic corpus. Hence, the importance of this research emerges, as it sheds light on the Qur’anic mechanisms used to argue with addressees and call them to its purposes. Qur’anic discourse relies on the argument from authority in its three forms (competence, testimony, and experience), which grants it powerful influence and persuasive force. Our approach to this topic revolves around a central problem that we formulate in the following question: To what extent is authority argumentative in the Noble Qur’anic discourse, and what are its most prominent characteristics and main argumentative types used therein? Accordingly, we deemed it appropriate to structure the research on the basis of dividing it into three main chapters, preceded by a conceptual introduction and followed by final findings. The first chapter concerns the argument from competence in its four types (positive, negative, fallacious, and ironic). The second chapter deals with the argument from testimony and witnessing. The third chapter examines the argument from experience in its four types (past, future, optional, and compulsory). The nature of the topic and the research plan required reliance on the descriptive-analytical method.
Edge Computing vs. Cloud Computing: A Comparative Study in Resource Efficiency and Latency
Computing at the edge and in the cloud have both become essential in meeting the rising need for low-latency applications and real-time data processing. The capacity to process data closer to the source, lowering latency and boosting resource efficiency has led to edge computing's rise to popularity, but cloud computing has long been the foundation of scalable, centralised computing. Research comparing cloud computing with edge computing with an emphasis on latency and resource efficiency. We compare and contrast the two paradigms' architectural features, looking at how cloud computing depends on centralised data centres, which can cause delays in data transmission owing to long-distance transmission, and how edge computing minimises data transfer times by processing information locally. We compare and contrast the two methods in a number of use scenarios, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), autonomous systems, and real-time analytics, by analysing their respective strengths and weaknesses. Hybrid systems that combine the best features of both cloud and edge computing can improve efficiency, scalability, and performance in today's computing settings.
Language, Thought, and the Poetic Mind: An Interpretive Study of Abdullah Hammadi’s “I Speak About Passion” (Antiq ‘an al-Hawā)
This research focuses on Abdullah Hammadi’s “I Speak About Passion” (Antiq ‘an al-Hawā), analyzing it from the perspective of poetic thought and the poetic mind. This research reveals that the poetry of Hammadi is characterized by a complex relationship between cognition, imagination, and existential reflection. By employing an interpretive method, this research reveals how silence and speech, concealment and revelation, and human and divine love are interrelated in order to create meanings that go beyond the boundaries of ordinary understanding. This research emphasizes that poetic thinking is not only an aesthetic procedure but also a complex cognitive and spiritual procedure. By Hammadi’s use of mystical imagery, philosophical reflection, and poetic expression, there is a possibility to grasp the importance of poetry in the investigation of existence and consciousness.
Circular Fashion Economy: Exploring the Viability of Clothing Recycling Models in Reducing Industry Waste
The manufacturing, wearing, and eventually disposing of garments causes a great deal of trash, making the fashion sector a major polluter. Sustainable methods within the fashion business are becoming more and more crucial as the demand for fashion on a worldwide scale keeps on rising. explores the feasibility of clothing recycling models within the context of a circular fashion economy. These models are examined for their ability to lessen the environmental effect of fashion production, increase the lifecycle of garments, and decrease waste. the current recycling models and finds the technical, financial, and logistical obstacles that prevent them from being widely used. These models include textile-to-textile and garment-to-garment recycling systems. the significance of designing for recyclability, expanding collecting and sorting infrastructure, raising consumer awareness, and the roles that producers, consumers, and lawmakers have in advancing a circular fashion industry. According to the results, there are still a lot of obstacles to growing recycling programs, but there are also a lot of chances to make the fashion sector more sustainable and circular thanks to new technologies, creative business models, and better regulatory frameworks. providing guidance on how to overcome adoption obstacles and encourage the mainstream acceptance of garment recycling models, which will help reduce industry waste and promote a more sustainable future for the fashion industry.
The Aesthetics of Titling and the Fantasy of Meaning – An Approach in The Sea Fairy by Jamila Zeneir
The Algerian short story has surpassed the traditional stereotypical pattern, moving toward a new horizon of writing, adopting narrative experimentation as a way to engage with contemporary reality, expressing its content both in form and substance. This has made it popular and widely accepted among readers. One of the most prominent issues raised in the literary field is the aesthetics of titling; the title is the first threshold a reader encounters, arousing curiosity to engage with the theme of the text and understand its meanings. To shape the architecture of the contemporary short story and venture into experimentation and modernization, the Algerian writer created a fantastical (marvelous) tableau through the title, carrying an aesthetic dimension liberated from narrative monotony and loaded with meaningful dimensions reflecting its intention and eliciting the reader’s wonder. The Algerian writer Jamila Zeneir is one of the authors who led the forefront of experimentation thanks to this new narrative form, as evidenced in her short story collection The Sea Fairy, using the marvelous element as a contrasting color that pierces the horizon of expectation and carries features of the extraordinary and illogical. Accordingly, this research is based on several questions regarding the topic: the aesthetics of titling and the fantasy of meaning, namely: • To what extent has the fantasy of the title contributed to adding aesthetic value to the new short story text, and how is this presence manifested? • Did the writer employ the fantasy of the title purely for aesthetic purposes, aiming to evoke wonder and multiple meanings, or is it an experimental mechanism aimed at innovation and surpassing the familiar, to create a literary text that bets on inherent novelty? • To what extent did Jamila Zeneir succeed in selecting marvelous (fantastic) titles for her collection that harmonize with the symbolism of the narrative events and reflect its intentions?
Global Environmental Governance: Examining the Role of Developing Nations in Climate Negotiations
A crucial area for tackling the intricate problems brought on by resource depletion, biodiversity loss, and climate change is global environmental governance. In international climate negotiations, developing countries are crucial because they must strike a balance between the demands of environmental sustainability and economic growth. the changing roles that developing nations play in influencing international environmental policies, with an emphasis on how they participate in multilateral environmental agreements, the Paris Agreement, and COP summits. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study identifies important areas—such as promoting equity, financial assistance, and technology transfer—where emerging countries have demonstrated leadership. the difficulties they encounter, including scarce resources, geopolitical demands, and the way that vulnerable groups are disproportionately affected by climate change. Through the examination of case studies from Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and South Asia, the article emphasises how crucial it is to give poor countries more influence over global climate governance. the necessity of inclusive negotiations that put accountability, equity, and capacity-building first in order to produce fair and long-lasting results for everybody.
Heritage and cognitive systems in Islamic heritage, Yahya Muhammad as a model
The contemporary Arab intellectual scene has witnessed many elite intellectual projects that attempted to study issues related to Islamic culture and heritage. Yahya Muhammad is among the thinkers who sought to present a reading of Islamic heritage. His book, Critique of the Arab Mind in a Balance, is a philosophical critique in which he attempts to reveal the pitfalls, methodological and intellectual errors, and the reading presented by Muhammad Abed al-Jabri in the formation of the Arab mind. In this book, he also criticizes the external reading of heritage and blames Arab and Islamic elites for adopting this reading. According to him, the cognitive systems for reading Islamic heritage embrace two systems: the existential system and the normative system. The existential system concerns the two circles: philosophical and mystical, while the normative system concerns the rational and rhetorical (transmitted) circle.
Exploring the Role of Dark Matter in Galactic Formation and Evolution
One of the most enigmatic components in astrophysics is dark matter, which makes up around 27% of the mass-energy content of the universe. Gravitational effects on radiation, large-scale cosmic structures, and visible matter have led scientists to deduce its existence. the critical function of dark matter in the evolution and development of galaxies, with an emphasis on the role it plays in the processes of galaxy formation, structure, and expansion. Dark matter's role in the development of cosmic structures including clusters, superclusters, and galaxies is shown through gravitational lensing, rotation curves, and simulations. Dark matter's function in the early cosmos, when galaxies were still being formed and recombination was taking place, and how it continues to shape the structure of galaxies now. Additionally, we explore the role of dark matter in controlling star formation, the dispersion of dark halos, and galactic mergers. Also covered is the interaction of dark matter with other astronomical events like cosmic microwave background radiation and supermassive black holes. the present state of dark matter research as well as its future prospects, focussing on the possible discoveries that could shed light on its enigmatic characteristics and its place in the overarching story of cosmic evolution, despite the fact that dark matter is invisible to the naked eye.
The Archaeological Museum Between Its Cultural Function and Social Responsibility
The archaeological museum occupies a pivotal position at the intersection of cultural preservation and social responsibility. As an institution dedicated to collecting, conserving, studying, and exhibiting material remains of past civilizations, it serves not only as a guardian of heritage but also as an active agent in shaping collective memory and cultural identity. In contemporary societies, however, the role of the archaeological museum has expanded beyond traditional functions of preservation and display. It is increasingly expected to engage diverse communities, promote inclusive narratives, support education, and contribute to social cohesion and sustainable development. This study explores the dual dimension of the archaeological museum: its cultural function as a custodian of tangible heritage and its social responsibility toward the communities it serves. It examines how museums interpret archaeological objects, construct historical narratives, and mediate between the past and present, while also addressing ethical challenges such as representation, accessibility, repatriation of artifacts, and community participation. Furthermore, the research highlights the evolving concept of the museum from a static repository of objects to a dynamic public space that fosters dialogue, critical thinking, and civic engagement. By analyzing theoretical perspectives and contemporary practices, the paper argues that the effectiveness of the archaeological museum today depends on its ability to balance scientific rigor with social inclusivity. Its success lies not only in safeguarding artifacts but also in making heritage meaningful, accessible, and socially relevant to present and future generations.
Quantum Entanglement and Nonlocality: Theoretical Insights and Experimental Evidence
Quantum entanglement and nonlocality are among the most profound and intriguing phenomena in quantum physics, challenging our classical understanding of reality and locality. the theoretical foundations and experimental evidence related to quantum entanglement and nonlocality. We explore the historical development of these concepts, beginning with the seminal work of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen (EPR) and the subsequent formulation of Bell's Theorem, which provides a rigorous test for the existence of nonlocal correlations. Theoretical insights from quantum mechanics and quantum field theory are discussed, highlighting the mathematical framework that underpins entanglement and its implications for information theory. milestones that have empirically validated the existence of entanglement and nonlocality. These include landmark experiments such as those conducted by Alain Aspect, which demonstrated violations of Bell's inequalities, and more recent advancements in quantum optics and quantum information science that have refined our understanding and control of entangled systems. the implications of quantum entanglement for emerging technologies, including quantum computing, quantum cryptography, and quantum communication, emphasizing the practical applications and potential future developments.
The Constantine Plan was announced in 1958 by Charles de Gaulle as a large-scale economic and social reform program intended to address the deepening crisis in colonial Algeria during the Algerian Revolution. Presented as a developmental alternative to military repression, the Plan aimed to improve living standards, expand employment, promote industrialization, construct housing, reform agriculture, and broaden access to education. It was also designed to reshape France’s international image by portraying colonial governance as reformist and modernizing. However, the implementation of the Constantine Plan revealed structural contradictions. Investment priorities favored the industrial and extractive sectors—particularly in the Sahara—while agricultural reform remained limited and ineffective. Employment targets were not achieved, regional inequalities persisted, and rural populations were largely marginalized. Although some progress was recorded in housing construction and infrastructure, the overall outcomes fell far short of declared objectives. Financial constraints, war expenditures, administrative centralization, and insecurity caused by the ongoing conflict further undermined the Plan’s effectiveness. Moreover, the National Liberation Front (FLN) strongly opposed the project, viewing it as a strategy to perpetuate colonial control under a reformist façade. The revolutionary movement mobilized public opinion against participation in the Plan and rejected foreign investment agreements concluded under French authority. Ultimately, the Constantine Plan failed to achieve its political objective of pacifying Algeria or weakening the revolutionary movement. Instead, it exposed the limits of colonial reformism in the context of a national liberation struggle.
Two Souls, One Blood: Examining Identity Fragmentation in the African American Experience through Yaa Gyasi’s Homegoing
Emerging from colonial displacements, the African diaspora uncovers the rich and complicated patterns of a long history of migration that was shaped by centuries of colonial influence and oppression. Far beyond the mere physical dislocation of populations, the African diaspora emphasizes the long-term social, cultural and mainly psychological effects of colonial systems on identity, memory and resistance beyond geographic boundaries. Its main and interconnected themes revolve around the lasting quest for identity, belonging amidst displacement, cultural hybridity and multigenerational trauma reflecting the complex experiences of people of African descent living outside the continent. Yaa Gyasi’s novel Homegoing serves as an excellent case in point. The novel profoundly examines the persistent influences of colonialism and the African diaspora, thereby securing its position in the literary canons of Postcolonial and African diaspora studies. This research paper seeks to examine Yaa Gyasi’s novel Homegoing through a postcolonial lens. It takes as its chief concern to illuminate that the African American diasporic experience is one of fragmentation and is marked by a rupture of identity. What is more, the divide is not simply physical but it also manifests as a deep psychological wound for individuals who seek to navigate their African roots with their adopted American or European reality represented by the new order. Gyasi eloquently illustrates this conflict, passed down through various generations, through her successful selection of characters that are not portrayed as whole selves but rather as two souls, a condition that arises as a result of their arduous efforts to reconcile their past with their present.
Breath, Body, and Being: Psychisme in Contemplative and Therapeutic Practices
Breath and embodied practices have been central to contemplative traditions and therapeutic modalities across cultures for millennia. This review investigates how the **interplay of breath, body, and mental experience—collectively informing psychisme—**functions within both contemplative and clinical contexts. Drawing on neurobiological research, psychological trials, and traditional mind-body practices, we elucidate mechanisms by which breath regulation and somatic awareness influence emotional regulation, self-awareness, and well-being. Key concepts such as interoception and respiratory vagal stimulation help bridge ancient practices like pranayama and modern interventions like mindfulness-based stress reduction, showing shared mechanisms involving autonomic balance and neural integration. Empirical findings indicate that breath-centered practices reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, and enhance attentional and interoceptive capacities. We also review clinical applications—including PTSD and chronic pain interventions—and address methodological challenges in research synthesis. By situating breathing as both a physiological and experiential anchor of psychisme, this review advocates for integrative frameworks that unite contemplative wisdom with evidence-based therapeutic practice.
The Implications of Trump’s Abduction of the Venezuelan President under International Law and International Custom
The article examines the January 2026 U.S. military operation in Venezuela that resulted in the abduction and forcible transfer of President Nicolás Maduro, arguing that it constitutes a manifest violation of foundational norms of international law. It analyzes the breach of the prohibition on the use of force in Article 2(4) of the UN Charter, the non‑applicability of self-defense, and the characterization of the operation as an act of aggression under the Rome Statute. The study further contends that ignoring head‑of‑state immunity and Venezuelan sovereignty contravenes long‑standing customary rules on personal and functional immunities. Beyond the individual case, the article explores how this precedent undermines the rules‑based international order, weakens peaceful dispute‑settlement mechanisms, and threatens the stability of diplomatic relations. It concludes that the “Caracas precedent” risks normalizing unilateral kidnappings of foreign leaders and eroding the normative distinction between law and power in global governance.
Reuniting Corps and Psychisme: Toward an Integrative Model of Human Experience
Historically, the human experience has been conceptualized through a dualistic lens separating mind from body. However, contemporary research across neuroscience, psychology, anthropology, and philosophy increasingly points to an integrated model where bodily processes and psychological life are deeply entangled. This review synthesizes interdisciplinary scholarship to formulate an integrative model of human experience that reunites corps (body) and psychisme (the embodied psyche). Drawing from embodied cognition, neurophenomenology, interoceptive neuroscience, and biopsychosocial frameworks, we argue that human experience arises from dynamic interactions between bodily states, neural processes, and subjective meaning-making. We examine evidence that the body not only supports but shapes cognition, emotion, and selfhood, and explore how disruptions of embodiment relate to psychopathology. The review highlights models such as Damasio’s somatic marker theory and contemporary interoceptive frameworks that center bodily signals in emotional experience, as well as cultural and evolutionary perspectives on embodied emotion. We also discuss clinical implications for mind-body therapies and propose future directions for integrative research. This work contributes to the emerging consensus that human experience is fundamentally embodied, and to fully understand psychisme we must collapse long-standing dualisms and embrace an integrative framework.
The Scope of Environmental Crime in International Law
This study examines the scope of environmental crime in international law through the analysis of two foundational elements: the protected legal interest and the threshold of seriousness justifying criminalization. It proceeds from the premise that environmental criminalization derives its legitimacy only where it rests upon a precise identification of the value being protected, whether as an extension of human rights and public health or as an autonomous ecological interest. The study further addresses the issue of the limits of criminal intervention, distinguishing between regulatory violations, civil liability, and criminal offenses, and analyzing the criteria of seriousness in terms of scale, duration, and the distinction between risk and actual harm. It concludes that constructing a coherent concept of environmental crime requires a careful balance between effective environmental protection and the guarantees of legality and legal certainty, ensuring deterrent effectiveness without resulting in over-criminalization or normative ambiguity.
Challenges of Digital Media in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
This presentation examines the reality of digital media amid the accelerating technological shifts brought about by artificial intelligence, which stands as one of the most transformative innovations reshaping the structure, methodology, and tools of media work. The focus is placed on key ethical, professional, and technical challenges facing digital media due to the integration of these technologies—namely, the violation of privacy, lack of transparency in algorithmic operations, and the professional disruptions that have affected the core of journalistic practice, including the diminishing role of traditional journalists and their replacement by intelligent systems. The presentation concludes that the adoption of artificial intelligence in digital media requires media professionals to recalibrate their professional and intellectual trajectories. It also emphasizes the need to adopt a critical perspective and to reform educational, professional, and regulatory policies to ensure a responsible and equitable use of these technologies—without compromising the humanistic and ethical foundations upon which journalism is built.
The Impact of Energy Storage Technologies on the Integration of Wind and Solar Power
In recent years, there has been a marked uptick in the number of initiatives aimed at decreasing the world's energy consumption of fossil fuels and increasing the use of renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. A steady and dependable power supply is difficult to achieve with renewable energy sources like wind and solar because of their intermittent nature. To overcome these obstacles, energy storage technologies are crucial, as they allow for the storing of surplus energy produced during periods of high production for usage during periods of low generation. pumped hydro storage, improved flow batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and other energy storage technologies' effects on the efficient grid integration of solar and wind electricity. ways in which energy storage technologies might lessen the burden on the grid, make renewable power more dispatchable, and lessen the necessity for fossil fuel backup facilities. Energy storage technologies' possible effects on the economy, the difficulties of implementing them on a wide scale, and the ways in which they can improve the use of renewable energy sources are all important considerations. To make wind and solar power more reliable contributors to the energy mix and a key player in attaining a sustainable, low-carbon energy future, the results imply that energy storage is crucial.
Islamist movements in Egypt between protest and violence
Notre article vise en premier lieu à observer et analyser les épisodes de violence que des groupes islamistes caractérisés par une vision intransigeante ont accompli en Egypte au cours des années 1977 ; et c’est pour cette raison qu’il est nécessaire de nous concentrer exclusivement sur ladite année. Cependant les exigences de l’analyse nous obligent à ne pas nous cantonner à cette période, en considérant que ce courant et ces associations sont un sujet d’étude présentant une problématique particulière dans laquelle interviennent différents facteurs et toutes sortes de changements et de niveaux d’analyse. Parfois il n’est pas possible de comprendre un courant sans remonter historiquement à ses origines et sans une vision globale des conditions et des vicissitudes dans lesquelles elle est apparue et dans le cadre desquelles elle a pris forme. A la lumière de ces réflexions, il convient de commencer cette étude par l’émergence des « groupes islamistes », en s’intéressant, au passage, aux aspects doctrinaux qui ont accompagné cette apparition, pour bien saisir le diagramme des idées et des formes de ces organisations ces dernières années. Il faudra parler ensuite de la « référence religieuse » des groupes islamistes et des problématiques du « moment historique » qui ont accompagné leurs naissances et leurs évolutions. Il semble indispensable de signaler que la manière d’aborder la naissance et les lignes de pensée de ces groupes sera centrée sur le principe de l’anathème ou accusation d’impiété, qui est conçu comme la pierre angulaire de la notion d’opposition au régime politique.
The Impact of Globalization on Agricultural Trade and Its Effect on Local Farmers
In recent years, globalisation has had a considerable impact on the trade in agricultural goods, which has led to important shifts in the ways in which farmers all over the globe connect with both one another and with customers. The consequences of globalisation on agricultural commerce are investigated, with a special emphasis placed on the toll that globalisation has had on domestic agricultural producers. The rise in the level of competitiveness on a worldwide scale is one of the aspects of the globalisation of agricultural commerce that has had the most important impact. Farmers from various nations are now able to compete with one another more effectively in global marketplaces as a result of the reduction of trade barriers and the improvement in the efficiency of transportation. Because of this, prices have fluctuated, and local farmers are under additional pressure to improve their output while simultaneously decreasing their expenses. The growth of major multinational businesses as the dominant players in the agriculture sector is another effect that globalisation has had on agricultural commerce. There is a further concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a small number of significant actors as a result of these businesses, which often have more resources and better access to global markets than small-scale local farmers.
Reason and Its Limitations in the Thought of Abdullah Laroui
The project of Abdullah Laroui is considered one of the most important intellectual projects in the Arab world. Through it, he aimed to establish an Arab modernity, by means of a group of intellectual works, among the most important of which is the concept of reason. Laroui does not provide us with a clear concept of this reason nor does he give us a theory in this field; rather, he attempts to show us how this Arab-Islamic reason thinks through his reading of this reason from its beginnings up to the present day, that is, the method or approach by which this reason produces itself. Laroui attempted to establish a distinction between two types of reason. The first is that the reason intended by the hypothesis of the correlation between religion and reason does not signify the meaning conveyed by the concept of reason in its classical philosophical contents, nor in its modern usage in human thought. The second is that reason and rationality are not purely theoretical matters determined by the degree to which a given thought enjoys logical and methodological coherence, or by its ability to construct a coherent system of ideas and knowledge. Rather, they are primarily practical matters, related to the extent to which the idea is embodied in reality and transformed from conviction into material behavior, manifested in actions, relations, and institutions. Through this distinction, it can be said that Abdullah Laroui distinguishes between theoretical reason—which dominated Arab philosophical thought throughout its history—and practical reason, which is a necessary reason in order to change Arab reality in the first place. The aim of this study is to examine the concept of reason in contemporary Arab philosophical thought, to highlight the status of reason in the writings of Abdullah Laroui, to clarify the limitations that Laroui assigned to it, and to reveal the reasons that led him to reject absolute reason and replace it with practical reason.
Sustainability Reporting Practices and Corporate Financial Performance
Sustainability reporting has gained increasing importance as organizations face growing pressure from stakeholders to disclose their environmental, social, and governance practices. the relationship between sustainability reporting practices and corporate financial performance, focusing on how transparent disclosure of sustainability initiatives influences firm profitability, market value, and investor confidence. Using secondary data from corporate sustainability reports and financial statements, the study analyzes the impact of sustainability reporting on key financial performance indicators such as return on assets, return on equity, and market-based measures. firms with comprehensive and consistent sustainability reporting practices tend to exhibit stronger financial performance and improved market reputation. Effective sustainability reporting enhances transparency, reduces information asymmetry, and supports long-term value creation. The growing relevance of sustainability disclosure as a strategic tool for improving financial outcomes and strengthening stakeholder trust in an increasingly sustainability-conscious business environment.
The Impact of a Proposed Educational-Sports Program of Developing Basic Speed Components (Sprint, Reaction, And Movement Frequency Speed) On Third-Year Students of Physical Education and Sports
This study aims to evaluate the impact of a proposed educational sports program based on Speed-Agility-Quickness (SAQ) training and small-sided games on developing basic speed components (sprint, reaction, and movement frequency speed) on third-year middle school students (aged between 14-15 years old). The study is experimental in design, it was conducted on a population of third year students at "Zighoud Youcef" Middle School in "Setif" Province, Algeria. A 40-student sample was purposively chosen and divided into two equivalent groups (experimental and control). Pre- and post- tests measurements were used to assess and measure the impact of the treatment. The proposed program was applied on the experimental group for eight weeks, at the rate of three sessions per week, while the control group followed the regular curriculum. The results showed statistically significant differences (???? < 0.05 p<0.05) in favor of the experimental group across all speed components, with medium to large effect sizes (???? > 0.6 d>0.6), confirming the effectiveness of the proposed program. The study recommends integrating of specific speed training and small-sided games within physical education classes to enhance motor skills in adolescents.
The Legal System for the Liability of the Sea Carrier regarding the Electronic Sales Contract
The legal system for transport varies depending on the means of transport and the medium in which it is performed, such that a special legal system exists for each of land transport, maritime transport, and air transport. Furthermore, the difference in the subject matter of transport necessitated the application of a different legal system depending on whether the transport is of things or persons. It is noted that maritime transport is subject to special rules contained in the Algerian Maritime Code and the Brussels Convention related to the Unification of Certain Rules of Law relating to Bills of Lading signed on 25/08/1924. However, the inability of this convention, in lived reality, to keep pace with economic development - since it served the interests of carrier nations more than shipping nations, especially in the field of exemption from liability -created a need to change this situation. This led to the appearance of the amending Protocol to the Brussels Convention in 1968, followed by the Protocol amending this Protocol in 1997, and before that, the Hamburg Convention was signed on 31/03/1978, from which the Algerian legislator derived most of his provisions regarding the liability of the sea carrier. The liability of the sea carrier holds extreme importance among various topics of maritime law, thus occupying the forefront among transport topics due to the numerous disputes it raises before the judiciary because of the obstacles and problems that may encounter the process of transporting goods, which may lead to the damage of goods, potentially inflicting considerable harm on their owner, often substantial due to the large quantity transported across the sea. The provisions of the sea carrier's liability are of great importance, which prompted the Algerian legislator to regulate them in the manner that will be elucidated.
Design and Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors for Flexible Electronics
The design and synthesis of organic semiconductors have emerged as essential components in the development of flexible electronics. These semiconductors provide a variety of distinct benefits, including mechanical flexibility, lightweight qualities, and the possibility of low-cost production. Recent developments in the synthesis of organic semiconductor materials, with a particular emphasis on molecular design techniques that improve charge transfer, stability, and processability. The engineering of conjugated polymers, small molecules, and hybrid materials that exhibit high carrier mobility and robust mechanical properties is one of the most important approaches. These materials are suited for use in flexible displays, sensors, and wearable electronics. The possibility for these materials to be commercialized has been expedited as a result of developments in chemical synthesis processes, such as solution processing and roll-to-roll printing. In spite of the substantial progress that has been made, there are still obstacles to overcome in order to establish long-term stability, achieve large-area homogeneity, and maximize the performance of organic semiconductors for flexible electronics. this article discusses the present state of research, focusing on both the opportunities and the challenges that are involved in improving the field of organic semiconductors for next-generation flexible electronic technology.
The Importance of Communication between Family and School for Parents
Communication between the family and the school plays a major role in the educational and pedagogical process. The school needs the support of the family, with whom the student spends most of his time under its care. Therefore, cooperation between the family and the school must take place through mutual participation, embodied in traditional contact with the school by parents, parents’ participation in school activities, and the follow-up of schooled children at home and in the school environment. This reflects the extent to which parents perceive the importance of communication between the family and the school. This constitutes the problem of our study, whose results showed that despite the existence of communication between the family and the school, it remains only relative, that is, according to urgent need. Most parents do not contact the school except when there is a strict necessity, or at the request of the school, or upon the insistence of their children only. In addition, they do not participate in various school activities, and even their participation occurs only when their own child is directly concerned. Moreover, despite parents’ interest in helping their children at home, they do not pay much attention to accompanying them to their schools. Therefore, unfortunately, a lack of parents’ awareness of the importance of communication between the family and the school appears.
Behavioural Finance and Its Role in Stock Market Decision-Making
Behavioural finance examines how psychological factors and cognitive biases influence the financial decision-making of investors, challenging the traditional assumption of fully rational behaviour in financial markets. the role of behavioural finance in stock market decision-making, with particular focus on how emotions, heuristics, and biases such as overconfidence, herd behaviour, and loss aversion affect investment choices. Using secondary data and insights from existing empirical studies, the impact of behavioural factors on trading behaviour, risk perception, and portfolio selection. The findings suggest that investor decisions in the stock market are often driven by psychological influences rather than purely by fundamental analysis, leading to market anomalies and irrational price movements. The importance of understanding behavioural finance concepts to improve investment decision-making, enhance market efficiency, and support the development of more informed and disciplined investment strategies.
The Role of ICTs and AI in Supporting Sustainable Local Development Efforts in Algeria
This study aims to review and analyze the role of information and communication technology and artificial intelligence in supporting and promoting sustainable local development efforts in Algeria by highlighting its theoretical and knowledge framework, its potential and practical applications, and the reality of experience in Algeria through models of local groups and monitoring the challenges associated with them, and future opportunities. Considering the depth of interdependence and impact between smart technology and development in our time.
Evaluating the Influence of Sleep Quality on Physical Health and Well-Being: Current Evidence and Future Directions
This paper examines the significant role of sleep quality in influencing physical health and overall well-being. Sleep is a fundamental biological process that impacts various aspects of health, yet modern lifestyles often compromise sleep quality, leading to potential adverse effects. This review synthesizes current evidence on how sleep quality affects physical health, including its relationship with chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and metabolic disorders. Additionally, the paper explores the broader impact of sleep quality on mental health, cognitive function, and daily functioning. poor sleep quality is associated with increased risk of chronic illnesses, impaired immune function, and reduced quality of life. The mechanisms through which sleep quality influences health, such as hormonal regulation, inflammatory responses, and metabolic processes, are discussed. interventions and strategies aimed at improving sleep quality and their effectiveness in enhancing health outcomes. Future directions for research are identified, emphasizing the need for longitudinal studies to better understand the causal relationships between sleep quality and health outcomes. The paper calls for a multi-disciplinary approach to developing and implementing evidence-based strategies to address sleep issues and promote overall well-being.
The Author and Holders of Related Rights: Difference in Legal Status and Equality in Legal Protection
The study consists in examining the various practical issues affecting the author and holders of related rights, as the study addressed the legal protection of both the author and holders of related rights, by casting light on the difference in the legal status of each of them and the supremacy of the author’s legal status, in addition to addressing the requirements of the issue of equality in legal protection between them.
Regional Inequalities and Development Gaps: A Geographical Perspective
Regional inequalities and development gaps have emerged as a central concern in geographical studies, reflecting uneven patterns of economic growth, resource distribution, infrastructure development, and social well-bei)ng across different regions. Despite globalization and national development policies, disparities persist between urban and rural areas, core and peripheral regions, and developed and underdeveloped states, reinforcing cycles of marginalization. From a geographical perspective, such inequalities are shaped not only by historical legacies of colonialism and industrialization but also by locational advantages, accessibility to markets, natural resource endowments, and governance structures. While metropolitan regions often benefit from agglomeration economies, advanced infrastructure, and policy prioritization, peripheral and rural regions frequently face inadequate investments, limited connectivity, and weaker institutional capacity, widening the development divide. These disparities manifest in multiple dimensions such as income, education, healthcare, employment opportunities, and environmental sustainability, leading to spatial injustice and migration pressures. Mapping and analyzing these inequalities through geographical tools such as spatial analysis, GIS, and regional planning frameworks helps to identify development hotspots and lagging areas, offering insights into spatially balanced growth strategies. Addressing regional inequalities requires a multidimensional approach that integrates economic reforms, inclusive policies, decentralization, and sustainable development initiatives tailored to the unique geographic realities of each region. Thus, a geographical perspective not only highlights the patterns and causes of development gaps but also provides pathways for reducing spatial disparities and fostering balanced regional development in the long term.
Mechanisms for the Prevention and Combat of Neighborhood Gangs in Light of Ordinance No. 20-03 Dated August 30, 2020
This study aims to shed light on the phenomenon of neighborhood gangs, which represent one of the most dangerous forms of criminal activity affecting all countries, including Algerian society. Due to the severe impact these gangs have on public safety and social stability, the Algerian legislator intervened to curb this serious threat by issuing Ordinance No. 20-03 on the prevention and combat of neighborhood gangs. This ordinance includes several measures—some preventive, others punitive. We found that the Algerian legislator dedicated a specific law to this phenomenon, placing strong emphasis on the preventive aspect in order to limit its spread. The study also provides a set of recommendations that we consider essential for preventing and countering this dangerous issue.
The Evolution of Narrative Techniques in Postmodern Cinema
The evolution of narrative techniques in postmodern cinema reflects a decisive break from classical storytelling structures and linear plot progression. Emerging prominently in the late 20th century, postmodern films challenge traditional narrative coherence through fragmentation, non-linear timelines, unreliable narration, intertextuality, and self-reflexivity. Rather than presenting a unified and stable reality, postmodern cinema often foregrounds ambiguity, irony, and playful experimentation with form. Filmmakers such as Quentin Tarantino and Christopher Nolan have popularized complex narrative structures that disrupt chronological order and invite active audience interpretation. Their works frequently blend genres, reference earlier cinematic traditions, and blur distinctions between reality and fiction. These techniques encourage viewers to question narrative authority and engage more critically with the storytelling process. Postmodern cinema also reflects broader cultural conditions shaped by globalization, media saturation, and digital technology. The influence of television, advertising, and online media has contributed to rapid editing styles, layered storytelling, and heightened intertextual references. In this context, narrative becomes less about presenting a singular truth and more about exploring multiplicity, perception, and constructed realities.
Digital Creativity in the Virtual Content of the Algerian Economic Institution
The study entitled “Digital Creativity in the Virtual Content of Algerian Economic Institutions” aims to identify the concept of digital creativity by examining its dimensions in the Facebook posts of the institutions under study. This was achieved through a research approach that included three (3) methodological frameworks, starting with the conceptual and theoretical framework, followed by the theoretical rooting of the study variables, the applied framework for analyzing the content of the institution's official virtual page, then relying on content analysis methodology and virtual viewing of the economic institution's page under study, reinforced by indirect exploratory interviews to determine the extent to which the hypotheses' indicators were achieved and to answer the question posed. The following conclusions were reached: - The virtual content of the economic institution in the field of study includes patterns of digitization of its services to its customers. - The virtual content of the economic institution in the field of study includes patterns of digital promotion to raise awareness in the community. - The virtual content of the economic institution under study includes patterns of digitization of its administrative functions, through exploratory evidence, as the institution under study does not publish its functions virtually.-
Digital Bodies, Altered Psychism’s: Technology and the Reconfiguration of Embodiment
Emerging digital technologies—such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and networked avatars—are transforming how human beings experience their bodies, their selves, and their interactions with the world. This review explores the reconfiguration of embodiment in digital contexts and its implications for psychisme—the interwoven psychological and bodily sense of self. Drawing on research from cognitive science, media studies, phenomenology, psychology, and technology studies, we examine how digital bodies (e.g., avatars, VR embodiments) reshape bodily self-perception, emotion, identity, and agency. Virtual embodiment studies demonstrate that owning a virtual body can alter emotional responses, cognition, and attitudes beyond mere perceptual experience, creating hybrid forms of presence that blend physical and digital selves. Cultural perspectives emphasize how digital bodies are situated within social structures and power relations, with technologies mediating embodiment in contexts of inequality and augmentation. Clinical and applied dimensions reveal potential for VR and avatar embodiment in wellbeing, mental health, and behavioral change. We conclude by proposing integrative frameworks for understanding digital embodiment that link the phenomenology of bodily experience with social, cultural, and technological dynamics shaping the contemporary psychisme.
Cybersecurity : Reading In Terms And Concepts
The technological revolution currently sweeping the world has had numerous social, economic, and political repercussions, damaging international relations and embroiling many governments in conflicts and wars involving various weapons and military equipment. However, the most prominent threat facing humanity as a whole is cybersecurity, or what is known as cyberattacks, which have become the theater of electronic space, replacing traditional conflicts and wars. Powerful nations use these attacks to target other nations' information systems in an effort to compromise their networks, take control of them, and ultimately dominate global communications and information systems.
Fuzzy Set Theory and Its Applications in Decision-Making Problems
Fuzzy set theory is an important mathematical approach used to deal with uncertainty, vagueness, and imprecise information in complex systems. Unlike classical set theory, where elements either belong or do not belong to a set, fuzzy set theory allows elements to have varying degrees of membership. it particularly useful for modeling real-world situations where information is not always precise or clearly defined. Developed to address limitations in traditional mathematical models, fuzzy set theory has become widely applied in areas that require flexible decision-making methods. the role of fuzzy set theory in solving decision-making problems, especially in situations involving uncertainty and incomplete information. By using fuzzy logic and membership functions, decision-makers can evaluate multiple criteria and assign different levels of importance to various factors. This approach allows more realistic analysis of complex problems compared to traditional binary decision methods.
Social Behavior and Its Psychosocial Correlates Among Workers
Social behavior represents a critical dimension of human interaction, influencing both individual well-being and organizational effectiveness. Among workers, social behavior is closely intertwined with psychological and social factors, including emotional intelligence, stress management, interpersonal relationships, and social adaptation. Understanding the psychosocial correlates of social behavior can provide insight into how employees interact with colleagues, respond to organizational challenges, and contribute to a positive work environment. This study examines the relationship between social behavior and psychosocial factors among workers, focusing on how psychological well-being, social support, and interpersonal competencies affect workplace behavior. The study highlights that employees with higher levels of social and psychological adjustment demonstrate more effective communication, collaboration, and problem-solving skills, which enhance productivity and organizational cohesion. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the role of organizational interventions, leadership support, and workplace policies in promoting positive social behavior among workers. By exploring these dynamics, the study offers practical recommendations for fostering healthy social interactions, improving employee satisfaction, and strengthening organizational performance.
Stress Management Strategies and Psychological Well-Being
Stress is an inevitable part of modern life and, when unmanaged, can have serious consequences for psychological well-being. Prolonged exposure to stress is associated with mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, emotional exhaustion, and reduced quality of life. various stress management strategies and their influence on psychological well-being. Techniques such as mindfulness, relaxation training, physical activity, time management, and social support are discussed as effective methods for reducing stress and enhancing emotional resilience. The relationship between effective stress management and improved mental health outcomes, including better mood regulation, cognitive functioning, and coping ability, is emphasized. The importance of adopting healthy stress management practices as a preventive approach to maintaining psychological well-being in both personal and professional contexts.
Innovation as a Strategic Mechanism for Economic, Educational, Industrial, and Agricultural Development in the Modern Era: A Demographic Perspective
Innovation is a key driver of sustainable development across various economic, educational, industrial, and agricultural sectors. This research paper addresses the role of innovation from a demographic perspective, emphasizing that population dynamics, including age structure, distribution of human capital, migration, and urban expansion, influence innovation and are influenced by it at the same time. The study assumes that achieving effective development through innovation requires aligning it with demographic characteristics, with a focus on investing in education, developing skills, and spreading technology on a wide scale. Using a descriptive analytical approach based on demographic theory and development economics, the paper reviews how innovation contributes to enhancing productivity, resilience, and sustainability in the main sectors. In education, innovation raises the quality of learning and reduces demographic disparities through digitalization and lifelong learning. In industry, technological innovation together with demographic dividends contributes to strengthening competitiveness and improving the quality of job opportunities. In agriculture, innovation supports food security and enhances the ability to adapt to climate change in light of population growth and rural transformations. The results indicate that integrating innovation policies with demographic planning strategically leads to more inclusive and effective development outcomes. The study concludes that innovation should be viewed not only as a technological process but also as a population-centered strategy that mobilizes human capital to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
Solid-State Electrolytes for Safer and High-Performance Lithium Batteries
An attractive alternative to traditional liquid electrolytes that could lead to safer, more energy-dense, and longer-lasting lithium batteries is the solid-state electrolyte (SSE) transition. Dendrite development and thermal runaway are among the safety problems that can occur when using traditional liquid electrolytes, despite their efficiency in ionic conduction. These electrolytes also have issues with flammability, leakage, and low electrochemical stability, which makes them incompatible with high-capacity lithium metal anodes. One possible solution to these problems is the use of solid-state electrolytes, which can improve safety and performance while also being non-flammable, physically robust, and having a large electrochemical window. These materials include composite hybrids, inorganic ceramics, and polymers. The ionic conductivities of ceramic electrolytes based on sulfides or oxides have recently been enhanced to levels comparable to those of liquid systems, while SSEs made of polymers or composites have shown remarkable improvements in processability, interfacial contact, and flexibility. There are still some major obstacles to overcome, such as ceramics' mechanical brittleness, dendritic penetration, and the low room-temperature conductivity of many polymer systems. Various approaches are being considered to overcome these constraints, including engineering the interface, using nanofillers, and creating hybrid SSEs. In addition, ionic transport, electrode compatibility, scalability, and cost must all be carefully considered when incorporating SSEs into realistic solid-state battery designs.
Bioethics Between the Ambition of Science and the Paradox of Ethical Values
This article addresses the enormous scientific development in the modern era, especially in the field of biology, and the impact of this development on ethical and human values. The article begins by presenting an overview of the major scientific revolutions that the modern era has witnessed, namely the information revolution, the revolution of matter, and the biological revolution. It focuses particularly on the biological revolution that led to astonishing discoveries in understanding living beings, especially humans, such as the discovery of the genetic code (DNA) and the ability to intervene in the genetic structure. The article concludes that contemporary scientific and biological development has achieved many positive accomplishments for human well-being, but at the same time it represents a danger to human dignity and the sanctity of human life if it is not dealt with with ethical responsibility. Therefore, philosophy and human values must remain present and active in guiding scientific and biological research.
Algerian Literature and Collective Memory: How History Is Re-Read
The introduction is considered a fundamental element in understanding the deep relationship between Algerian literature and collective memory, as it allows us to reflect on how national identity has been shaped through literary symbols over the ages. Literature, as a mirror of a people’s conflicts, reflects their experiences, tragedies, and victories, making it a powerful tool for re-reading history in a way that combines documentation and creativity. In the Alge-rian context, literature appears as a flexible means to evoke events of struggle and re-sistance, transforming them into literary symbols that feed the collective memory, thereby strengthening the national fabric and establishing renewed historical awareness. The importance of the introduction in this context is highlighted by its role in establishing a knowledge base to understand how literature can serve as a platform for expressing identity, a critical practice for history, and a corrective for distorted or suppressed historical memory. It lays the foundation for understanding that history is reshaped and interpreted through words and meanings, and that collective memory is not merely an individual event but an accumulation of stories and events preserved and repeatedly reaffirmed by the people through literature. From this perspective, Algerian literature becomes more than just art; it is an effective means to retrieve the lost tapes of the nation’s history and revive them in the form of texts that allow new generations to envision the horizons of identity and belonging.
Targeted Drug Delivery Using Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Nanocarriers
Modern nanomedicine relies on customized drug delivery technologies to boost therapeutic efficacy and reduce systemic toxicity. Stimuli-responsive polymeric nanocarriers can release therapeutic drugs in reaction to internal or external triggers, allowing spatiotemporal drug delivery control. These smart devices deliver drugs selectively using physiological cues like pH gradients, redox potential, enzyme activity, and hypoxia in sick tissues and external stimuli like temperature, magnetic fields, ultrasound, and light. Amphiphilic block copolymers, dendrimers, and hydrogels, which self-assemble into micelles, vesicles, and nanoparticles, have been designed with specific physicochemical features thanks to polymer chemistry. Active targeting ligands including antibodies, peptides, and aptamers boost site-specific accumulation and strengthen the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Stimuli-responsive polymeric nanocarriers boost drug bioavailability, diminish multidrug resistance, and improve cancer, inflammatory, and neurological disease treatment outcomes in recent preclinical and clinical trials. To implement these technologies in clinical practice, scalability, repeatability, biocompatibility, and regulatory approval must be addressed.
Smart Programs and the Transformation of Language Teaching Strategies in the Digital Age: A Theoretical and Pragmatic Perspective
This paper explores the transformative impact of intelligent programs on language teaching strategies in the digital era. Moving beyond traditional prescriptive models, the study examines the shift toward interactive, learner-centered approaches facilitated by adaptive technologies. Central to this discussion are core concepts such as adaptive personalization, immediate feedback, learning analytics, and intelligent assessment, which are analyzed within a precise conceptual framework. The research proposes a theoretically grounded model that balances customization with comparability across contexts and suggests conceptual indicators for measuring the impact on both receptive and productive language skills. The added value lies in providing standardized conceptualizations of adaptive learning and intelligent assessment to guide future governance of smart program adoption across diverse linguistic settings.
Role of Genetic Variation in Human Disease Susceptibility
Genetic variation plays a crucial role in determining individual susceptibility to human diseases. Variations in DNA sequence, including single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertions, deletions, and structural variants, influence gene expression and protein function, thereby affecting biological pathways related to health and disease. This paper examines the role of genetic variation in human disease susceptibility, focusing on how inherited genetic differences contribute to the risk, progression, and severity of both common and rare disorders. The interaction between genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping disease outcomes. Advances in genomic technologies, such as genome-wide association studies and next-generation sequencing, have enhanced understanding of complex diseases including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological conditions. The paper also discusses the implications of genetic variation for personalized medicine, risk prediction, and targeted therapies. It concludes that understanding genetic diversity is essential for improving disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, while also raising important ethical considerations related to genetic testing and data privacy.
Protection of the Foreign Investor in Algeria from Abuse in Expropriation
This article addresses the protection of the foreign investor in Algeria from abuse in expropriation by reviewing the legal framework that guarantees the state’s right to expropriate the foreign investor’s property while respecting individual ownership and the public interest. The article reviews the forms of expropriation, whether individual or public, and the conditions of their legal validity to ensure administrative non-abuse. It also focuses on the safeguards established to protect the foreign investor from arbitrary state practices, highlighting the importance of fair and equitable compensation that covers damages resulting from expropriation and balances the rights of the state and the investor, thereby ensuring the attraction of foreign investment and enhancing confidence in the Algerian investment climate.
Electric Vehicles and Renewable Energy Integration: Toward a Low-Carbon Transport System
The transition to a low-carbon transport system requires the simultaneous electrification of mobility and decarbonization of electricity generation. Electric vehicles (EVs) are widely recognized as a critical pathway for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector, yet their environmental benefits depend largely on the carbon intensity of the power systems that supply them. Integrating EV deployment with renewable energy sources such as solar and wind offers a transformative opportunity to align transport electrification with clean energy expansion. the synergies and challenges associated with integrating EVs into renewable-dominated power systems. On one hand, rising EV adoption increases electricity demand and may strain grids if charging is unmanaged. On the other hand, EVs provide flexible load capacity and distributed storage potential that can help balance variable renewable generation. Smart charging strategies, time-of-use pricing, and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies enable EVs to absorb excess renewable energy during periods of high generation and supply electricity back to the grid when demand peaks.
The Legal Framework Governing Company Mergers and Transformations According to Algerian Commercial Law
Undoubtedly, the reforms and amendments adopted by the Algerian legislator regarding company mergers and transformations under the Algerian Commercial Law issued in 2022 focused on the importance of these legislative reforms in enhancing the legal environment to attract labor and investments and to stimulate economic development in Algeria. This research highlights the relevant provisions in Algerian legislation that regulate company mergers and transformations, emphasizing the procedures and conditions required to implement these operations transparently and legally. It also discusses the economic and legal impacts of these operations on shareholders, companies, and the national economy. The research examines the efforts made by the Algerian legislator to regulate these operations meticulously within commercial law, encouraging investors and companies to benefit from this new legal framework. This research highlights how to improve the labor environment in Algeria by regulating company transformations and mergers and how to promote stability and economic growth in the country.
Social Support Systems and Their Contribution to Individual Well-Being
Social support systems play a vital role in promoting individual well-being by providing emotional, informational, and practical assistance during times of need. Support from family, friends, peers, and community networks helps individuals cope with stress, enhances emotional stability, and improves overall quality of life. the contribution of social support systems to individual well-being, focusing on their impact on mental health, physical health, and psychological resilience. Strong social connections are associated with reduced risk of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders, as well as better physical health outcomes and longevity. different forms of social support and their role in fostering a sense of belonging and security. It concludes that effective social support systems are essential for maintaining individual well-being and should be strengthened through community engagement and supportive social environments.
Artificial Intelligence and Its Role in Enhancing University Research – A Descriptive-Analytical Study
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as one of the most transformative technologies in modern society, profoundly influencing all sectors, including higher education and academic research. This study examines the role of AI in improving the quality of university research and facilitating academic promotion, highlighting the integration of AI technologies into research, analysis, and scientific publication processes. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical methodology, drawing upon local and international experiences to investigate the benefits and challenges of AI, including legal, ethical, and academic considerations. The study concludes with practical recommendations for effectively adopting AI in Algerian universities, with the goal of enhancing research productivity, promoting innovation, and aligning university practices with global standards.
Environmental Impact of Chemical Pollutants and Emerging Techniques for Water Purification
Chemical contaminants pose a significant threat to ecosystems and humans alike when they end up in water supplies. The contamination of freshwater resources by untreated effluent, agricultural runoff, and industrial waste poses major risks to aquatic ecosystems, increases the prevalence of water-borne infections, and worsens water quality, among other negative impacts. toxic chemicals, especially those with an established track record of impacting the endocrine system, including heavy metals, herbicides, pharmaceuticals, and others in a similar vein. As if that weren't bad enough, these pollutants bioaccumulate in aquatic creatures, creating long-term ecological and public health issues. Additionally, the article delves into the topic of emerging water filtration techniques that are being worked on to mitigate the impact of these pollutants. Emerging as viable approaches for cleaning polluted water of harmful compounds are bioremediation, membrane filtration, nanotechnology, and enhanced oxidation processes, among others. Solutions that are sustainable, affordable, and scalable are given precedence, regardless of whether they operate in developed or developing nations. the potential issues that may develop as a result of utilising these technologies, such as energy requirements, the proper disposal of waste, and the possibility of secondary contamination. This paper reviews current and future trends in water purification, highlighting the critical need for new solutions to ensure the safe and sustainable use of water resources in the face of increasing chemical pollution.
Representations of Older Women in Algerian Television Programs: Between Media Exclusion and the Imperative of Social Care
This study aims to analyze the representations of older women in Algerian television programs by uncovering the mechanisms of media exclusion that mark their presence, contrasted with the dominance of a social-care discourse as the primary framework for their appearance. The study adopts a sociological–communication approach grounded in the theory of social representations of gender, the concept of symbolic violence, and the intersectional approach to understand the overlap of gender- and age-based discrimination within television discourse. The results show that aging is not excluded per se, but is reframed according to gender affiliation; the older man is granted legitimacy to appear as an expert or analyst, whereas the older woman is excluded from positions of cognitive agency or reduced to narratives of pity and care. The study concludes that Algerian television channels reproduce symbolic representations that legitimize male dominance and exclude older women from the public sphere, stressing the necessity of shifting from a logic of care to a logic of recognition and empowerment.
Charging Infrastructure Development and Its Role in Accelerating EV Adoption
The expansion of charging infrastructure is a decisive factor in accelerating the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) worldwide. While advancements in battery technology and supportive policy frameworks have strengthened the case for electric mobility, limited access to reliable and convenient charging remains a primary barrier to widespread consumer acceptance. This study examines the development of EV charging infrastructure and evaluates its role in shaping adoption patterns across urban and semi-urban regions. different types of charging systems, including residential charging, public slow chargers, and fast-charging networks, assessing their technical characteristics, cost structures, and integration challenges. Particular attention is given to infrastructure density, geographic distribution, grid capacity, and interoperability standards, which significantly influence user confidence and range perception. The concept of range anxiety is examined as a behavioral constraint that can be mitigated through visible and accessible charging networks.
The Problem of Criminal Liability for Cybercrimes Using Artificial Intelligence
Recent years have witnessed a development in the field of artificial intelligence as a result of the tremendous progress in data processing technology. This development has shown the ability to significantly change lives, even in providing machines that can perform more complex and diverse tasks for widespread use in a group of sectors. This is due to its distinguished superior ability to develop its skills and build self-experience that allows it to make decisions independent of humans. The ability to face the most extreme circumstances makes artificial intelligence programs independent in their actions from the dependency of the producer, programmer, or user. However, artificial intelligence technologies have had serious repercussions as a result of their misuse, which has led to the emergence of new forms of crimes, whether crimes committed using artificial intelligence or crimes committed by artificial intelligence itself, which has begun to raise many problems, especially with regard to responsibility for the work of these programs and the extent of the suitability of current legislation and its ability to accommodate the characteristics of this technology. Accordingly, this study aims to focus on the problem of criminal liability for cybercrimes committed by artificial intelligence technologies.