Comparative Analysis of Electric Vehicle Battery Technologies: Efficiency, Cost, and Sustainability

Abstract

Improvements in battery technology are a major factor propelling the shift to EVs since they have a direct impact on the efficiency, affordability, and sustainability of EVs. top battery technologies for electric vehicles, with an emphasis on how well they work, how much they cost, and how little damage they do to the environment. a comparison of the pros and cons of several battery chemistries, including lithium-ion, solid-state, and alternative chemistries including sodium-ion and lithium-sulfur batteries, with an emphasis on their performance metrics, manufacturing costs, and environmental implications. This study examines the role of battery technologies in the broad acceptance of electric vehicles and their capacity to fulfil future demands by examining present trends, technical advancements, and industry developments. the difficulties linked to various battery types, such as the acquisition of raw materials, recycling procedures, and the maintenance of the batteries over time. This study's comparative perspective sheds light on which battery technologies could hasten the shift to electric mobility while simultaneously resolving important economic and environmental issues. offering suggestions for how to enhance the performance of batteries while reducing their impact on the environment in further studies.