Role of Pharmacogenomics in Personalized Drug Therapy

Abstract

Pharmacogenomics examines how genetic differences influence individual responses to drugs. This paper explores the role of pharmacogenomics in advancing personalized drug therapy and reducing adverse effects. Genetic variations can affect drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and receptors, leading to differences in drug efficacy and toxicity.
The paper discusses clinically relevant genetic polymorphisms affecting commonly prescribed medications. Incorporating genetic testing into pharmacological decision-making allows for optimized drug selection and dosing. Personalized therapy improves treatment success while minimizing trial-and-error prescribing.
Challenges such as cost, ethical considerations, and integration into clinical practice are also addressed. The paper concludes that pharmacogenomics represents a transformative shift in pharmacology, enabling safer, more effective, and individualized healthcare.